The association between animal protein, plant protein, and their substitution with bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.

Purpose: Although total dietary protein intake has been associated with bladder cancer (BC) risk, the effect of the origin (plant or animal) and the substitutions remain to be understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of total dietary protein, animal-based protein, plant-based protein, and their substitutions with each other on the risk of BC using a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.

Methods: The study was conducted within the "BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants" (BLEND) study, including 10 prospective cohort studies from several European countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Comparison and combination of mutation and methylation-based urine tests for bladder cancer detection.

Background And Aims: Several non-invasive tests for detecting bladder cancer (BC) are commercially available and are based on detecting small panels of BC-associated mutations and/or methylation changes in urine DNA. However, it is not clear which type of biomarker is best, or if a combination of the two is needed. In this study we address this question by taking a 23-gene mutation panel (GALEAS™ Bladder, GB) and testing if adding a panel of methylation markers improves the sensitivity of BC detection.

Lifestyle, dietary pattern and colorectal cancer: a case-control study.

Background: In Iran, not only the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing but also the age of patients at diagnosis is alarmingly dropping. We need urgent actions to better understand the epidemiology of CRC and the contributing factors for such pattern in Iranian population. The aim of our study was to determine the potential contribution of lifestyle, including dietary pattern, to CRC in a large Iranian province.

A critical examination of sport discipline typology: identifying inherent limitations and deficiencies in contemporary classification systems.

Exercise scientists (especially in the field of biomolecular research) frequently classify athletic cohorts into categories such as , , or , and create a practical framework for studying diverse athletic populations between seemingly similar groups. It is crucial to recognize the limitations and complexities of these classifications, as they may oversimplify the multidimensional characteristics of each sport. If so, the validity of studies dealing with such approaches may become compromised and the comparability across different studies challenging or impossible.

The Cumulative Incidence of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Protocol.

A precise understanding of the latency to post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is necessary for optimal patient care. This precision is currently lacking despite a surprising number of available data sources that could address this pressing need. Following guidance from the Cochrane Collaboration and Joanna Briggs Institute, we conduct a systematic review to address the research questions: What is the cumulative incidence of PTE following mild TBI (mTBI; concussion), and what is the distribution of the latency to onset? We designed a comprehensive search of medical databases and gray literature sources.