Identifying Risk Factors of Children Who Suffered Physical Abuse: A Systematic Review.

Background: Approximately 25% of children in the United States experience child abuse or neglect, 18% of whom are physically abused. Physicians are often in a position to differentiate accidental trauma from physical child abuse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review recent literature for risk factors associated with physical child abuse.

Leveraging Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) for community impact: what have we learned about how to make a difference.

Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) practitioners are increasingly engaged in projects meant to centre underserved communities and reduce inequities. The subdiscipline of E/HF that has emerged to explore the application of E/HF in this way is called community ergonomics. In this qualitative-descriptive study, we reflect on the progress made in the field of community ergonomics since its original conceptualisation in 1994.

Defecation after magnesium supplementation enhances cognitive performance in triathletes.

Constipation is correlated with diminished cognitive function, revealing a possible rectum-brain connection. In this counter-balanced crossover trial, 13 elite triathletes underwent a Stroop test to assess cognitive function and executive control. The Stroop test was conducted both with and without magnesium oxide intake, with a 1-week washout period between sessions.

PET/CT guided tuberculosis treatment shortening: a randomized trial.

Six months of chemotherapy using current agents is standard of care for pulmonary, drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB), even though some are believed to be cured more rapidly and others require longer therapy. Understanding what factors determine the length of treatment required for durable cure in individual patients would allow individualization of treatment durations, provide better clinical tools to determine the of appropriate duration of new regimens, as well as reduce the cost of large Phase III studies to determine the optimal combinations to use in TB control programs. We conducted a randomized clinical trial in South Africa and China that recruited 704 participants with newly diagnosed, drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and stratified them based on radiographic disease characteristics as assessed by FDG PET/CT scan readers.

Association between peripartum cardiomyopathy and mood disorders in a large, national U.S. cohort.

Objective: To examine the association between mood disorders in pregnancy and postpartum and peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study utilizing the National Inpatient Sample from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of pregnant and postpartum patients from 2017-2019. Patients were separated into two groups based on ICD-10 coding for presence or absence of mood disorder (depression, bipolar depression, anxiety, or other mood diagnosis).