Acute Responses of Low-Load Resistance Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a popular resistance exercise technique purported to increase metabolic stress and augment training adaptations over time. However, short-term use may lead to acute neuromuscular fatigue and higher exertion ratings. The purpose of the current study was to examine acute physiological responses to low-load resistance exercise utilizing BFR compared to higher-load, non-BFR resistance exercise.

The movement and distribution of pregnant spotted ragged-tooth sharks, , in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa.

The spotted ragged-tooth shark, , is widely distributed in subtropical continental coastal seas. In South Africa, it is commonly found along the entire south and east coasts, including the iSimangaliso Wetland Park (IWP) in the far north, which is the largest Marine Protected Area on the South African coast. Pregnant females occur there for much of the year, with the largest aggregations in summer.

Regulatory interactions between APOBEC3B N- and C-terminal domains.

APOBEC3B (A3B) is implicated in DNA mutations that facilitate tumor evolution. Although structures of its individual N- and C-terminal domains (NTD and CTD) have been resolved through X-ray crystallography, the full-length A3B (fl-A3B) structure remains elusive, limiting understanding of its dynamics and mechanisms. In particular, the APOBEC3B C-terminal domain (A3Bctd) active site is frequently closed in models and structures.

The Impact of Sugar Conformation on the Single-Stranded DNA Selectivity of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B Enzymes.

The APOBEC3 family of polynucleotide cytidine deaminases has diverse roles as viral restriction factors and oncogenic mutators. These enzymes convert cytidine to uridine in single-stranded (ss)DNA, inducing genomic mutations that promote drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity. Of the seven human APOBEC3 members, APOBEC3A (A3A) and APOBEC3B (A3B) are most implicated in driving pro-tumorigenic mutations.

CHRNA5-A3-B4, CYP2A6, and DBH genetic associations with smoking cessation throughout adulthood within two longitudinal studies of women.

Introduction: Genetic studies of smoking cessation have been limited by short-term follow-up or cross-sectional design. Within seven genes (CHRNA3, CHRNA5, CHRNB2, CHRNB4, DRD2, DBH and CYP2A6) influencing biological mechanisms relevant to smoking, this study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking cessation throughout up to 38-years of follow-up.

Methods: Participants were from two all-female cohort studies, Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (n = 10,017) and NHS-2 (n = 2,793).