Hydrogeochemical characterization and potential geogenic source of fluoride contamination in Gariaband district of southern Chhattisgarh, India.

Fluoride contamination of groundwater exerts serious health concerns in developing countries like India, where surface water resources in general are not considered for domestic consumption. The present investigation attempts to evaluate the groundwater quality in terms of fluoride contamination in Deobhog and adjoining areas in Gariaband district, Chhattisgarh. A total of 68 groundwater samples were collected both in the pre- and post-monsoon period and analyzed for different physicochemical parameters like Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO, NO, Cl, SO, and F.

Downregulation of SMAD2 and SMAD4 is associated with poor prognosis and shorter survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) presents a serious global health challenge, ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2) and SMAD4 play a significant role in various types of cancer.

Methods: This study performed relative mRNA expression level profiling of SMAD2 and SMAD4 using Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in tissue and blood of ESCC patients and analyzed their associations with numerous clinical and lifestyle parameters for evaluating prognostic significance along with survival and hazard outcomes.

In-Hospital Management of Hyperglycemia: The Role of Insulin Degludec.

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is a common and challenging condition in hospitalized patients both with and without a history of diabetes. Managing hyperglycemia effectively is critical in reducing complications, mortality, and the length of hospital stays. Insulin degludec (IDeg), an ultralong-acting basal insulin, has a well-established efficacy and safety profile in terms of managing hyperglycemia in outpatients; it has demonstrated benefits in clinical practice across various patient populations.

A Fluorescent Probe Differentiates Apoptosis from Cysteine-Deprivation Ferroptosis through Imaging of Viscosity and Lipid Droplets.

Since death is an inevitable phenomenon, exploring cell deaths holds importance. During this process, the cellular microenvironment within cells such as pH, polarity, viscosity etc alter. One such microenvironment, viscosity elevates during different cell deaths.