Intravenous paracetamol toxicity in a malnourished child.

We present a case of intravenous (IV) paracetamol overdose in a nutritionally malnourished child during hospital admission. A ten-fold IV paracetamol dosing error ocurred, with delayed recognition and treatment resulting in transient hepatotoxicity, with a peak alanine transaminase (ALT) of 1378 IU/L in a 3-year-old child. Our case suggests that hepatotoxicity may occur for lower doses of IV paracetamol compared to oral ingestion, especially in the malnourished, and that a dose less than 150 mg/kg of IV paracetamol should be used to define treatment following overdose in a child with potential nutritional deficiencies.

Handover--Enabling Learning in Communication for Safety (HELiCS): a report on achievements at two hospital sites.

Clinical handover is an area of critical concern, because deficiencies in handover pose a patient safety risk. Redesign of handover must allow for input from frontline staff to ensure that designs fit into existing practices and settings. The HELiCS (Handover--Enabling Learning in Communication for Safety) tool uses a "video-reflexive" technique: handover encounters are videotaped and played back to the practitioners involved for analysis and discussion.

Frequency-sheared, time-delayed extreme-ultraviolet pulses produced by high-harmonic generation in argon.

We report the production of frequency-sheared high harmonics in argon by control of the envelope and chirp of the electric field of the femtosecond driving laser pulse. Using the classic three-step model of high-harmonic generation, we established a direct link between the properties of the harmonics and the fully characterized driving pulses. A simulation of the single-atom response in the strong-field approximation confirms the simple picture and shows good agreement with the experimental results.

Ultrashort-pulse modulation in adiabatically prepared Raman media.

We demonstrate the efficient modulation of an approximately 100-femtosecond pulse in a Raman medium coherently prepared by nanosecond pulses. Raman sidebands of the ultrashort pulse spanning 360 THz are generated with an efficiency of >5%. We show that the mechanism permitting the sidebands to be generated is the preparation of a significant vibrational coherence in the medium that is robust to disturbance by an intense short pulse.