Thalamic nuclei volume partially mediates the effects of aerobic capacity on fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Fatigue is frequent in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) impacting physical and cognitive functions. Lower aerobic capacity and regional thalamic volume may be involved in the pathophysiology of fatigue in pwMS.

Objectives: To identify associations between thalamic nuclei volumes, aerobic capacity and fatigue and to investigate whether the influence of aerobic capacity on fatigue in pwMS is mediated by thalamic integrity.

Influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and MRI measures of neuroinflammation on hippocampal volume in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The hippocampus is a clinically relevant region where neurogenesis and neuroplasticity occur throughout the whole lifespan. Neuroinflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) may influence hippocampal integrity by modulating the processes promoting neurogenesis and neuroprotection that contribute to the preservation of functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of neuroinflammation and CRF on hippocampal volume in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) and progressive (P) clinical phenotypes.

The insula modulates the effects of aerobic training on cardiovascular function and ambulation in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Impairment of cardiovascular control is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), possibly due to damage of strategic brain regions such as the insula. Aerobic training (AT) targets cardiopulmonary system and may represent a neuroprotective strategy.

Purpose: To investigate whether insular damage (T2-hyperintense lesions and volume) is associated with cardiovascular fitness (CF) and influences AT effects in MS.

HLA Allele Frequencies and Association with Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Northern Italian Patients.

HLA allelic distribution was analysed in a cohort of 96 Northern Italian subjects (53M/43F) (mean age 59.9 ± 13.3 years) from Lombardy who developed COVID-19 during the first two pandemic waves to investigate possible correlations between HLA molecules and disease severity.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata's disease) in an Italian patient: a case report and review of the literature.

We describe the case of a 54-year-old Caucasian Italian male experiencing episodes of hypoglycemia, occurring mainly after meals. He had never been exposed to insulin and was taking ramipril, flecainide and acetylsalicylic acid. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed high blood glucose levels diagnostic for diabetes mellitus at 120 min and hypoglycemia with inappropriately high insulin levels at 240 min.