Insights into Treponema pallidum genomics from modern and ancient genomes using a novel mapping strategy.

Background: Treponemal diseases are a significant global health risk, presenting challenges to public health and severe consequences to individuals if left untreated. Despite numerous genomic studies on Treponema pallidum and the known possible biases introduced by the choice of the reference genome used for mapping, few investigations have addressed how these biases affect phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of these bacteria. In this study, we ascertain the importance of selecting an appropriate genomic reference on phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of T.

Elderflowers ( L.): A Potential Source of Health-Promoting Components.

Elderflowers are used for both culinary and health purposes. Their composition and, therefore, their properties depend on the variety from which they were obtained. The aim of this study was to compare six cultivated varieties with the wild form.

Effect of Cold Brew Coffee Storage in Industrial Production on the Physical-Chemical Characteristics of Final Product.

The purpose of this article is to present information about changes in physical properties (pH, TA, and color) and chemical components with bioactive activity in cold brew coffee beverages, during storage before and after HTST processing. Coffee samples were tested using industrial technology (12,000 bottles per batch). The antioxidant activity of the samples was analyzed using ABTS and FRAP methods, the concentration of polyphenols was determined using the UPLC-MS chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method, and microbiological tests were performed according to PN-ISO/PN-EN ISO standards.

Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Selected Varieties of Elderberry with Wild Growing Elderberry.

Elderberries of wild-growing shrubs are most often used; however, various cultivated varieties of this shrub appear more and more often. The aim of this research was to compare the fruit composition of specific varieties with those grown wild in urban and ecologically clean conditions. Six varieties of elderberry grown on one experimental farm and two wild-growing samples from the city center and the landscape park were assessed.

Assessing weaning stress - Relations between enamel hypoplasia, δO and δC values in human teeth obtained from early modern cemeteries in Wroclaw, Poland.

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to assess linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) on canines of adults from early modern Wroclaw cemeteries to compare δC and δO values in enamel formed before, during and after LEH formation, and to attempt to find a link between the selected indicators of the weaning process.

Material And Methods: 15 permanent canines with visible LEH were selected for analysis. Age at LEH formation was estimated using the Reid and Dean method.