Short Communication: Is Ethanol-Based Hand Sanitizer Involved in Acute Pancreatitis after Excessive Disinfection?-An Evaluation with the Use of PBPK Model.

An occupational physician reported to the French Health Products Safety Agency (Afssaps) a case of adverse effect of acute pancreatitis (AP) in a teaching nurse, after multiple demonstrations with ethanol-based hand sanitizers (EBHSs) used in a classroom with defective mechanical ventilation. It was suggested by the occupational physician that the exposure to ethanol may have produced a significant blood ethanol concentration and subsequently the AP. In order to verify if the confinement situation due to defective mechanical ventilation could increase the systemic exposure to ethanol via inhalation route, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used to predict ethanol blood levels.

Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and its metabolites, glycidol and beta-chlorolactic acid, using the single cell gel/comet assay.

3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is a member of a group of chemicals known as chloropropanols. It is found in many foods and food ingredients as a result of food processing. 3-MCPD is regarded as a rat carcinogen known to induce Leydig-cell and mammary gland tumours in males and kidney tumours in both genders.

Lack of effect on rat testicular organogenesis after in utero exposure to 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD).

3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is a food-born contaminant known to display toxic effects on male reproduction, producing infertility in rats and humans. Using the rat as a model, we investigated whether or not testicular organogenesis, which, in the rat species, occurs during the second half of gestation, was at particular risk regarding 3-MCPD toxicity. Pregnant rats were given daily doses of 5, 10 or 25 mg/kg BW of 3-MCPD from days 11.

Effects of griseofulvin in medium-term liver carcinogenesis assay and peripheral blood micronucleus test in rat.

Published data have suggested a possible link between the tumor promoting activity and the aneugenic properties of griseofulvin. The present study was conducted to explore this relationship. Griseofulvin was evaluated both for its potential promoting activity in liver carcinogenesis in partially hepatectomized F344 male rats initiated by diethylnitrosamine and for its genotoxic potential in the peripheral blood micronucleus assay.

Role of diethylnitrosamine, 2-acetylaminofluorene and partial hepatectomy in the expression of glutathione-S-transferase-P and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in the early steps of rat liver carcinogenesis.

Three factors involved in the Solt and Farber model of rat liver carcinogenesis were studied alone and in various combinations: diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiating dose, 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) feeding and partial hepatectomy. The administration of DEN alone (200 mg/kg) was able to switch on glutathione-S-transferase, placental type (GST-P) expression 3 weeks later at a low level (85 U/micrograms protein) which was stable for 10 weeks in the absence of histopathological lesions. During the same time, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity presented 2 waves of increase.