Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: An important hallmark of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of phosphorylated tau, which are commonly assessed using AT8 immunostains. Identifying additional markers to characterize the spectrum of NFT pathology is crucial for advancing our understanding and diagnosis of AD. This study introduces new potential markers to differentiate between tangles and healthy neurons.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Cellular senescence, which can cause significant changes in morphology, metabolism, and function, is a key contributor to aging and diseases including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Accurate biomarker identification is essential for detecting senescent cells. Our research aims at defining gene signatures that encapsulate senescence complexity in the brain.

Spatial proteomic differences in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Alzheimer's disease, and primary age-related tauopathy hippocampi.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), primary age-related tauopathy (PART), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) all feature hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau)-immunoreactive neurofibrillary degeneration, but differ in neuroanatomical distribution and progression of neurofibrillary degeneration and amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition.

Methods: We used Nanostring GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling to compare the expression of 70 proteins in neurofibrillary tangle (NFT)-bearing and non-NFT-bearing neurons in hippocampal CA1, CA2, and CA4 subregions and entorhinal cortex of cases with autopsy-confirmed AD (n = 8), PART (n = 7), and CTE (n = 5).

Results: There were numerous subregion-specific differences related to Aβ processing, autophagy/proteostasis, inflammation, gliosis, oxidative stress, neuronal/synaptic integrity, and p-tau epitopes among these different disorders.

Status of coral, giant clam and sea cucumber communities including CITES listed species on a remote Australian coral reef atoll and the potential impact of illegal fishing.

Following a recent dramatic increase in illegal fishing by Indonesian fishing vessels in Australian waters in 2022, we conducted an extensive survey of coral reef communities covering 33,000 m at Mermaid Reef Marine Park in the Rowley Shoals off north-western Australia in July 2022. Species richness of sea cucumbers was 13 species (three CITES listed) and 6 species of giant clams (all CITES listed). The most abundant sea cucumber species were the low or intermediate value, asexually reproducing species Holothuria atra and H.

Collection and sharing of health information in mental health and related systems in Australia: perspectives of people who access mental health services.

Background: Information sharing and information privacy are important issues in mental health services. Yet the perspectives of Australians who access mental health services about these issues are poorly understood. This article addresses the research question: What are the concerns of people who use mental health services about the collection and use of their health information in mental health and related systems in Australia?

Methods: Participants were 16 people who had accessed mental health services and were involved in a series of co-design workshops as part of a larger study.