Isozyme analysis of primary trisomies in beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Genetical characterization and techniques for chromosomal assignment of two enzyme-coding loci: leucine aminopeptidase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase.

Segregating families of beet (Beta vulgaris) were used to verify the monofactorial inheritance of two enzyme-coding loci, leucine aminopeptidase (Lap1) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got3). With a series of primary trisomies and using three methods to discriminate between the critical trisomic (the locus is situated on the triplicated chromosome) and the non-critical ones, it was possible to allocate the two loci to beet chromosomes I and II, respectively. For the locus Lap1 distorted segregation ratios were estimated, and the incorporation of three alleles into one plant was attempted.

Enzyme and storage protein electrophoresis in varietal identification of sugar beet.

Different methods of classification, based on total protein patterns as well as on specific isoenzyme patterns, were compared in order to establish an identification system for sugar beet varieties and lines. Single seed patterns and bulk extractions of total and fractionated proteins were compared on SDS-PAGE. Due to important intra-populational variation contrasting with similarity at the varietal level no method proved to be sufficiently discriminatory.

Genetical control and linkage relationships of Isozyme markers in sugar beet (B. vulgaris L.). 2. NADP- and NAD-specific malate dehydrogenases, 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase, shikimate dehydrogenase, diaphorase and aconitase.

The NADP-specific malate dehydrogenase isozymes were controlled by multiple gene systems. Three genes coding for dimeric enzymes segregated in a dependent fashion (NADP-Mdh 1, NADP-Mdh 2, NADP-Mdh 3). A fourth gene (NADP-Mdh 4), also coded for dimers, but was not polymorphic in B.

Genetical control and linkage relationships of isozyme markers in sugar beet (B. vulgaris L.) : 1. Isocitrate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose phosphate isomerase and cathodal peroxidase.

Five isozyme systems were genetically investigated. The different separation techniques, the developmental expression and the use as marker system in sugar beet genetics and breeding is discussed. Isocitrate dehydrogenase was controlled by two genes.

Monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of B. procumbens : 2. Effects of the alien chromosomes on in vivo and in vitro plant development.

Alien monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris), each carrying one of the nine chromosomes of B. procumbens, were grown in vivo and in vitro to study the effect of the alien chromosomes on plant development. All additional chromosomes caused a reduction of the growth rate in vivo, which, in one case was so strong that some of the plants died as seedlings.