Incidence rates of tuberculosis and inflammatory bowel disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with biologics in Korea.

Objective: To describe the incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and tuberculosis (TB) in Korean patients with ankylosing spondylitis receiving biologics.

Methods: Data from a Korean claims database between 2010 and 2021 was used to calculate crude incidence rates of TB and IBD using number of events and total patient-years (PYs).

Results: Overall, 43 643 and 43 396 patients were included in TB and IBD cohorts.

HfO-based ferroelectric synaptic devices: challenges and engineering solutions.

HfO-based ferroelectric memories have garnered significant attention for their potential to serve as artificial synaptic devices owing to their scalability and CMOS compatibility. This review examines the key material properties and challenges associated with HfO-based ferroelectric artificial synaptic devices as well as the recent advancements in engineering strategies to improve their synaptic performance. The fundamental physics and material properties of HfO-based ferroelectrics are reviewed to understand the theoretical origin of the aforementioned technical issues in ferroelectric HfO-based synaptic devices.

Effects of Homogeneous Doping on Electron-Phonon Coupling in SrTiO.

Bulk n-type SrTiO (STO) has long been known to possess a superconducting ground state at an exceptionally dilute carrier density. This has raised questions about the applicability of the BCS-Eliashberg paradigm with its underlying adiabatic assumption. However, recent experimental reports have set the pairing gap to the critical temperature (Tc) ratio at the BCS value for superconductivity in Nb-doped STO, even though the adiabaticity condition the BCS pairing requires is satisfied over the entire superconducting dome only by the lowest branch of optical phonons.

Polysaccharide Fraction Isolated from Exhibits Anti-Cancer Effects Through Immunostimulating Activities.

The present research aimed to assess the anti-cancer effects of the polysaccharide fraction (SJP) isolated from . The release of immune-activating cytokines, including IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, was markedly stimulated by the SJP in a concentration-dependent manner within the range of 1 to 100 µg/mL. Furthermore, the prophylactic intravenous () and per os () injection of SJP boosted the cytolytic activity mediated by NK cells and CTLs against tumor cells.

Age-Dependent Effects of Butyl Benzyl Phthalate Exposure on Lipid Metabolism and Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including phthalates, have been implicated in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic fibrosis. This study investigates the age-dependent effects of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) exposure on lipid metabolism in the livers of young and aged mice. Young (2-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to BBP through drinking water at a dose of 169 μg/kg/day for 6 and 4 months, respectively.