Signal peptide requirements for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein C maturation and virus infectivity.

Insertion of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) precursor glycoprotein C (GP-C) into the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by an unusual signal peptide (SP(GP-C)). It is comprised of 58 amino acid residues and contains an extended hydrophilic N-terminal region, two hydrophobic regions, and a short C-terminal region. After cleavage by signal peptidase, SP(GP-C) accumulates in cells and virus particles.

Long-lived signal peptide of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein pGP-C.

Signal peptides (SPs) direct nascent secretory and membrane proteins to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. They are usually cleaved from the nascent polypeptide by signal peptidase and then further proteolytically processed. The SP of the pre-glycoprotein (pGP-C) of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus SPGP-C (signal peptide of pGP-C) shows different properties: 1) The SPGP-C is unusually long (58 amino acid residues) and contains two hydrophobic segments interrupted by a lysine residue.

Dose-Related Hepatic Blood Flow Effects Differentiate Nicorandil, Hydralazine, and Isosorbide Dinitrate in Healthy Subjects.

Dose response on hepatic blood flow of nicorandil (2.5, 5, and 10 mg), isosorbide dinitrate (5, 15, and 40 mg), and hydralazine (10, 25, and 50 mg) was assessed in 18 healthy subjects (6 per drug) using a three-period crossover design. Indocyanine green clearance was used to estimate hepatic blood flow before and at two timepoints after dosing.

Acute effects of increasing doses of nicorandil on renal function in man.

The effects of nicorandil, a nicotinamide derived vasodilator combining nitrate and potassium channel opener actions, on kidney function have not been determined. This study investigated changes in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate as estimated using simultaneous 131I-iodohippurate and 125I-iothalamate plasma clearances. Forty-two healthy subjects in sodium balance received placebo and 2.

Continuous intravenous dosing with ciprostene using a portable pump in ambulatory patients.

Parenteral compounds present special drug delivery challenges. This open-label study evaluated a portable infusion pump as a means to deliver intravenous ciprostene, a stable prostacyclin analog. Ten patients with peripheral vascular disease and claudication received ciprostene (titrated to 120 ng/kg/min) infused over 8 hours 1 day per week for 4 consecutive weeks.