Phosphonate Treatment Effects on Phytophthora Root Rot Control, Phosphite Residues and Inoculum in Young Apple Orchards.

Phytophthora root rot, caused by , is an economically important disease on young apple trees. Limited information is available on the effect of different phosphonate application methods and dosages on disease control, fruit and root phosphite concentrations, and soil and root pathogen inoculum levels. Evaluation of phosphonate treatments in three apple orchard trials (two in the Grabouw and one in the Koue Bokkeveld region) showed that foliar sprays (ammonium or potassium phosphonate), trunk sprays and trunk paints, were equally effective at increasing trunk diameter in one trial and yield in a second trial over a 25-month period.

Investigating Wilms' Tumours Worldwide: A Report of the OxPLORE Collaboration-A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Background: Childhood cancer is neglected within global health. Oxford Pediatrics Linking Oncology Research with Electives describes early outcomes following collaboration between low- and high-income paediatric surgery and oncology centres. The aim of this paper is twofold: to describe the development of a medical student-led research collaboration; and to report on the experience of Wilms' tumour (WT).

The Efficacy of Semiselective Chemicals and Chloropicrin/1,3-Dichloropropene-Containing Fumigants in Managing Apple Replant Disease in South Africa.

Apple replant disease (ARD) is a biological phenomenon that is encountered when old apple orchards are replanted, resulting in tree growth and yield reductions in young trees. Three ARD orchard trials were conducted, which showed that semiselective chemicals (fenamiphos, metalaxyl, imidacloprid, and phosphonates) used independently, two fumigant formulations (33.3% chloropicrin and 60.