Publications by authors named "M Nouraie"
The implications of removing race from interpretation of pulmonary function among persons with or without HIV.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
December 2024
Background: Studies suggest that the use of race-specific pulmonary function reference equations may obscure racial inequities in respiratory health. Whether removing race from the interpretation of pulmonary function would influence analyses of HIV and pulmonary function is unknown.
Setting: Pulmonary function measurements from 1,067 men (591 with HIV) in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and 1,661 women (1,175 with HIV) in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) were analyzed.
Background: Acute brain dysfunction during sepsis, which manifests as delirium or coma, is common and is associated with multiple adverse outcomes, including longer periods of mechanical ventilation, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. Delirium and coma during sepsis may be manifestations of alteration in systemic metabolism. Because access to brain mitochondria is a limiting factor, measurement of peripheral platelet bioenergetics offers a potential opportunity to understand metabolic changes associated with acute brain dysfunction during sepsis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with extrahepatic effects, including reduced diffusing capacity of the lungs. It is unknown whether clearance of HCV infection is associated with improved diffusing capacity. In this sample of women with and without human immunodeficiency virus, there was no association between HCV clearance and diffusing capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Vascular inflammation plays a key role in regulating the behavior of endothelial cells, which is especially significant in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), showing complex connections to lysosomal activity and cholesterol metabolism.
- Research identified that the nuclear receptor coactivator 7 (NCOA7) helps maintain lysosomal function and limits inflammation in endothelial cells; when NCOA7 is deficient, it leads to inflammation and worsened PAH symptoms.
- A genetic variant in NCOA7 was linked to PAH severity and mortality, while a computationally designed drug that activates NCOA7 showed potential in reversing PAH symptoms in mice, highlighting a new therapeutic approach.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how hypoxia affects blood vessel behavior in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) through a genetic and epigenetic mechanism involving HIF-2α.
- HIF-2α enhances the expression of certain genes and long noncoding RNAs that contribute to increased vascular dysfunction, creating a feedback loop that further boosts HIF-2α activity.
- A specific genetic variant (rs73184087) is linked to an increased risk of PAH; interventions that either inhibit this pathway or reduce HIF-2α levels showed protective effects against the disease in animal models.