N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (N-Me-2PY) has potent anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity in a fibrotic kidney model: is it an old uremic toxin?

Background: Uremic toxins accumulate in renal tissues and cells due to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abnormalities in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) metabolism lead to the progression of CKD. NAD + metabolites, such as N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (N-Me-2PY) and N-methyl-4-pyridone-5-carboxamide (N-Me-4PY), have been recognized as uremic toxins.

A Novel Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 2 Selective Inhibitor Improves Whole-Body Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Mice through Target-Dependent Pathways.

Excess intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) deposition in skeletal muscle is closely associated with insulin resistance. Pharmacological inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) 2 offers a promising approach to treat insulin resistance through stimulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and reduction of IMCL deposition. Previously reported experimental ACC2 inhibitors exhibited plasma glucose-lowering effects in diabetic rodents.

The effectiveness of diverse technology-based instructions in assisting people with Alzheimer's disease with medication management.

In patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD), faculties associated with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) decline owing to reduced cognitive function. One type of IADL is medication behaviour. Medication management is critical for patients with AD.

The role of acylated-ghrelin in the regulation of sucrose intake.

The octanoyl modification of ghrelin by ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for exerting its physiologic actions. Since exogenous acylated-ghrelin has shown to stimulate food intake in humans and rodents, GOAT has been regarded as a promising target for modulating appetite, thereby treating obesity and diabetes. However, GOAT-knockout (KO) mice have been reported to show no meaningful body weight reduction, when fed a high-fat diet.

Transformative learning experience for physical therapy students through a community health promotion project for mothers of hearing-challenged children.

[Purpose] The purpose of this project was to expose physical therapy students to transformative learning through a community health promotion project for mothers of hearing-challenged children. [Subjects and Methods] The participants were three mothers with their respective hearing-challenged child and twenty physical therapy students. The project consisted of seven sessions supervised throughout by a physical therapy instructor.