Oral administration of specific antigens to allergy-prone infant dogs induces IL-10 and TGF-beta expression and prevents allergy in adult life.

Background: Oral administration of allergens can induce immune tolerance to specific allergens in rodents and hence might be a possibility to prevent and treat allergic diseases in human subjects. However, the gastrointestinal tract of mice is different from that of human subjects. The absorption of specific antigens and subsequent antigen presentation to intestinal T cells is different in both species, making it difficult to extrapolate results.

Importance of early allergen contact for the development of a sustained immunoglobulin E response in a dog model.

Background: Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies are postulated to require early allergen contact and sensitization for the full development of sustained IgE levels.

Methods: Thirty-two Beagle dogs from seven litters selectively bred for their high IgE response were sensitized by subcutaneous injection of chicken ovalbumin (OVA), peanut extract and recombinant birch pollen allergen (Bet v 1). In half of the dogs from each litter, sensitization injections were started on the first day of life; the other half of the same litter was first sensitized at the age of 4 months.

Allergic pulmonary and ocular tissue responses in the absence of serum IgE antibodies (IgE) in an allergic dog model.

Allergen-specific serum IgE may be insensitive as a marker for IgE-mediated reactions at the mucosal level. Five of six atopic beagle dogs developed high ovalbumin (OVA)-specific serum IgE levels after sensitization. This study aimed to show that these dogs still express allergen-specific IgE at the pulmonary and ocular mucosal levels and in the skin even when corresponding serum IgE was below the detection limit.

Major routes of naftifine biotransformation in laboratory animals and man.

Following dermal or oral administration to laboratory animals and man (E)-N-methyl-N-(1-naphthylmethyl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-amine- hydrochloride (naftifine), the antifungal constituent of Exoderil, is quantitatively biotransformed into, and excreted as metabolites devoid of antifungal activity. The structures of 15 metabolites were elucidated. In rat urine and bile these metabolites represent 70% of the orally absorbed dose.

Distribution and elimination of polymethyl methacrylate nanoparticles after peroral administration to rats.

Polymethyl [1-14C]methacrylate nanoparticles were administered orally to bile cannulated rats. Ten to fifteen percent of the administered radioactivity was absorbed and found in the bile and urine. Within 48 h, 94-97% of the absorbed radioactivity had been eliminated from the body.