[Lipid composition of activated sludge in a pilot plant for anaerobic ammonium oxidation].

The lipid composition of the microbial community inhabiting activated sludge in a pilot reactor for the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) at the Kur'yanovo Treatment Plant (Moscow) has been studied. The fatty acid composition is mostly based on common fatty acids C14-C18 (95%) with both normal and isomeric structures. The biomass of activated sludge was found to contain lipids with the so-called ladderane substances (ladder alcohols and fatty acids) that are common for anammox bacteria: C20-[3]-ladderane and C20-[5]-ladderane alcohols and C18-and C20-[3]-ladderane and C18- and C20-[5]-ladderane acids.

[Dependence of the reproductive capacity of fleas on repeated mating (Aphaniptera)].

The fleas of X. cheopis and C. tesquorum were found to be capable of laying eggs during the whole physiological active period without recurrent fertilization.