Breathing Easy: A Qualitative Analysis of School Nurse and Administrator Perspectives on Stock Inhalers and School-Based Asthma Management.

Stock inhalers are unassigned rescue inhalers available for students who experience asthma symptoms at school. This study sought to understand school nurse and administrator perspectives on school-based asthma management and stock inhaler policy implementation. Twenty-three semistructured interviews were conducted with professionals from five high asthma burdened counties in varied geographic settings.

Reliability of Central Vein Sign Imaging With 3T FLAIR* in a Multicenter Study.

Background And Purpose: The central vein sign (CVS) is a diagnostic imaging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). FLAIR* is a combined MRI contrast that provides high conspicuity for CVS at 3 Tesla (3T), enabling its sensitive and accurate detection in clinical settings. This study evaluated whether CVS conspicuity of 3T FLAIR* is reliable across imaging sites and MRI vendors and whether gadolinium (Gd) contrast increases CVS conspicuity.

Facilitators and barriers of alcohol goals for Latinx men hospitalized with alcohol use disorder seen by an Addiction Consult Team.

Introduction: Latinx individuals are disproportionately affected by alcohol use disorder (AUD). Understanding Latinx individuals' barriers and facilitators to reach AUD-related goals can help implement culturally and linguistically concordant interventions to improve alcohol-related outcomes.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with Latinx, Spanish-speaking men with AUD within 20 weeks of hospital discharge who were seen by an addiction consult team during hospitalization in an urban, safety-net hospital in San Francisco.

Design and characterization of HIV-1 vaccine candidates to elicit antibodies targeting multiple epitopes.

A primary goal in the development of an AIDS vaccine is the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that protect against diverse HIV-1 strains. To this aim, germline-targeting immunogens have been developed to activate bNAb precursors and initiate the induction of bNAbs. While most pre-clinical germline-targeting HIV-1 vaccine candidates only target a single bNAb precursor epitope, an effective HIV-1 vaccine will likely require bNAbs that target multiple epitopes on Env.

Different applications and differentiated libraries for crystallographic fragment screening.

Macromolecular X-ray crystallography allows detection and characterisation of the binding of small, low-affinity chemical fragments. Here we review the utility of fragment screening for drug discovery, its potential for use in discovery science, as well as some of the distinct types of fragments that have been compiled into libraries.