Pose2Sim: An End-to-End Workflow for 3D Markerless Sports Kinematics-Part 2: Accuracy.

Two-dimensional deep-learning pose estimation algorithms can suffer from biases in joint pose localizations, which are reflected in triangulated coordinates, and then in 3D joint angle estimation. Pose2Sim, our robust markerless kinematics workflow, comes with a physically consistent OpenSim skeletal model, meant to mitigate these errors. Its accuracy was concurrently validated against a reference marker-based method.

Pose2Sim: An End-to-End Workflow for 3D Markerless Sports Kinematics-Part 1: Robustness.

Being able to capture relevant information about elite athletes' movement "in the wild" is challenging, especially because reference marker-based approaches hinder natural movement and are highly sensitive to environmental conditions. We propose Pose2Sim, a markerless kinematics workflow that uses OpenPose 2D pose detections from multiple views as inputs, identifies the person of interest, robustly triangulates joint coordinates from calibrated cameras, and feeds those to a 3D inverse kinematic full-body OpenSim model in order to compute biomechanically congruent joint angles. We assessed the robustness of this workflow when facing simulated challenging conditions: (Im) degrades image quality (11-pixel Gaussian blur and 0.

Biomechanical demands of percussive techniques in the context of early stone toolmaking.

Recent discoveries in archaeology and palaeoanthropology highlight that stone tool knapping could have emerged first within the genera or rather than . To explore the implications of this hypothesis determining the physical demands and motor control needed for performing the percussive movements during the oldest stone toolmaking technology (i.e.

ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME IN CYCLING: A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL-SIMULATION APPROACH FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF SADDLE SETBACK.

Background: Despite abundant literature, the treatment of iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) in cyclists remains complicated as it lacks evidence-based recommendations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a musculoskeletal modelling approach that investigates three potential biomechanical determinants of ITBS (strain, strain rate and compression force) and to use this approach to investigate the effect of saddle setback.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Influence of saddle setback on knee joint forces in cycling.

Knee functional disorders are one of the most common lower extremity non-traumatic injuries reported by cyclists. Incorrect bicycle configuration may predispose cyclist to injury but the evidence of an effect of saddle setback on knee pain remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of saddle setback on knee joint forces during pedalling using a musculoskeletal modelling approach.