Narrowing the region of candidate genes that control the development of protoscoleces of Echinococcus multilocularis in the mouse liver.

Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis. In previous studies, QTL analysis using C57BL/6 N (B6) and DBA/2 (D2) which differ in susceptibility suggested the presence of genes on chromosome 1 that control protoscolex development. In this study, we constructed several congenic mice with different chromosome 1 regions substituted to confirm the presence of responsible genes and to narrow down the regions where the responsible genes exist.

Dual-route administration of balanced anesthesia using medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol provides both suitable anesthetic depth and reduced tissue injury in rabbits.

Medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol (MMB) anesthesia is the preferred choice for rodents but requires excess volume of intramuscular injection in rabbits, which can lead to muscular damage. This study aimed to evaluate a dual-route MMB administration via the intravenous and subcutaneous routes in rabbits. MMB was administered to male Kbs:JW rabbits with an intravenous injection of 0.

[Correlation between Evaluation Methods of Short-time Neuromelanin MRI and SBR by Dopamine Transporter Scintigraphy].

Purpose: To verify the usefulness of three evaluation methods of short-time neuromelanin MRI, correlations between each method and the specific binding ratio (SBR) of dopamine transporter scintigraphy were investigated.

Methods: Short-time neuromelanin MRI was used to measure the contents of melanin-containing cells in the midbrain substantia nigra based on the following methods. Method 1 evaluates the volume of the high-signal area of the midbrain substantia nigra.

Functional Analysis of Oligoadenylate Synthetase in the Emu ().

2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) is one of the proteins that act as a defense mechanism against foreign RNA in cells. OAS has two functions: an antiviral effect against a wide range of virus species via the OAS/RNase L pathway with synthesized oligoadenylates and inhibition of viral replication specific to viruses of the genus , which is independent of enzymatic activity. Several birds have been reported to possess only one type of OAS family member, OASL, which has both enzymatic activity and inhibitory effects on flaviviral replication.

A Highly Conserved Region in BRCA2 Suppresses the RAD51-Interaction Activity of BRC Repeats.

Mammary tumors are the most prevalent type of tumors in female dogs. Breast cancer 2, early onset () malignant mutations are associated with tumorigenesis in humans and dogs. BRCA2 plays a pivotal role in homologous recombination repair by recruiting RAD51 recombinase to DNA damage sites to maintain genome stability.