What constitutes an obstructive ventilatory impairment in a pediatric population? A study design.

Introduction: There is no clear consensus as to what constitutes an obstructive ventilatory impairment (OVI) in pediatric populations.

Aim: To determine the percentage of children/adolescents having an OVI among those addressed for spirometry after taking into account the definitions advanced by some international scholarly societies [British Columbia (BC), British thoracic-society (BTS), Canadian thoracic society (CTS), European respiratory society and American thoracic society (ERS-ATS), global initiative for asthma (GINA), Irish college of general practitioners (ICGP), national asthma council (NAC), national institute of clinical excellence (NICE), Société de pneumologie de langue française, Société pédiatrique de pneumologie et allergologie (SPLF-SP2A), and South African thoracic society (SATS)].

Methods: This bi-centric cross-sectional study involves two medical structures in Sousse/Tunisia, and will encompass children/adolescents aged 6-18 years.

Real-time ROS monitoring with luminescent nanoparticles reveals skin inflammation dynamics.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key regulators in numerous pathological contexts, including cancer or inflammation. Their role is complex, which justifies the need for methods enabling their quantitative and time-resolved monitoring , in the perspective to profile tissues of individual patients. However, current ROS detection methods do not provide these features.

Consequences of the constitutive NOX2 activity in living cells: Cytosol acidification, apoptosis, and localized lipid peroxidation.

The phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) is a key enzyme of the innate immune system generating superoxide anions (O), precursors of reactive oxygen species. The NOX2 protein complex is composed of six subunits: two membrane proteins (gp91 and p22) forming the catalytic core, three cytosolic proteins (p67, p47 and p40) and a small GTPase Rac. The sophisticated activation mechanism of the NADPH oxidase relies on the assembly of cytosolic subunits with the membrane-bound components.

Altered adrenergic response in myocytes bordering a chronic myocardial infarction underlies in vivo triggered activity and repolarization instability.

Key Points: Ventricular arrhythmias are a major complication after myocardial infarction (MI), associated with sympathetic activation. The structurally heterogeneous peri-infarct zone is a known substrate, but the functional role of the myocytes is less well known. Recordings of monophasic action potentials in vivo reveal that the peri-infarct zone is a source of delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and has a high beat-to-beat variability of repolarization (BVR) during adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol, ISO).

Myofibroblast modulation of cardiac myocyte structure and function.

After myocardial infarction, resident fibroblasts (Fb) differentiate towards myofibroblasts (MyoFb), generating the scar tissue and the interstitial fibrosis seen in the adjacent myocardium. Fb and MyoFb have the potential to interact with cardiac myocytes (CMs) but insight into the phenotype-specific role and mode of interaction is still incomplete. Our objectives are to further define the modulation of CMs by MyoFbs compared to Fbs, as well as the role of direct contact through gap junctions vs.