Orthotics for the Treatment of Lesser Toe Deformities.

Lesser toes play an important role in foot (and body) locomotion. Despite the high incidence of lesser toe disorders, their conservative treatments have rarely been studied. This study focuses on the conservative management of lesser toe deformities and will try to provide the reader with an overview on the portfolio of shoe modifications and orthotics available for the conservative treatment of lesser toe deformities, indication of each specific type of device, how they can impact on pain relief, and the rationale after considering conservative management as a first line of treatment and potentially avoiding surgery.

MAML3-fusions modulate vascular and immune tumour microenvironment and confer high metastatic risk in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours. Around 20-25 % of patients develop metastases, for which there is an urgent need of prognostic markers and therapeutic stratification strategies. The presence of a MAML3-fusion is associated with increased metastatic risk, but neither the processes underlying disease progression, nor targetable vulnerabilities have been addressed.

Talocalcaneal coalition classifications: A critical analysis review and suggested new classification system with implications for treatment.

Talocalcaneal coalitions (TCC) is the second most frequent tarsal coalition reported. Our aim was to review talocalcaneal coalition classifications and to propose a new classification emphasizing a therapeutic approach. None of the classifications described for TCC mention the presence of flatfoot or valgus hindfoot, which are the key elements when defining the optimal treatment of this disease.

Multimodal prehabilitation program in patients with resectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: keypoints for an implementation protocol and literature review.

Background: Postoperative complications after perihilar cholangiocarcinoma surgical procedure are still very high. The implementation of a multimodal prehabilitation program could improve these outcomes. Based on our experience and that of the literature in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, we propose a protocol to promote its implementation.