Theoretical modelling of efficient fire safety water networks by certified domination.

This paper explores a new way of designing water supply networks for fire safety using ideas from graph theory, focusing on a method called certified domination. Ensuring a good water supply is crucial for fire safety in communities, this study looks at the rules and problems in Poland for how much water is needed to fight fires in different areas and how this can be achieved at a lowest possible cost. We present a way to plan water supply networks for fire protection as a graph, where each point (node) is a place that needs water, and the lines (links) show where water can go between these points.

Methylation index as means of quantification of the compliance of sedimentary mercury to be methylated.

Methylmercury (MeHg) is the most bioavailable and toxic mercury species in the marine environment. MeHg concentration levels, methylation rates leading to MeHg formation, and methylation index (MI) are all used to assess the compliance of mercury to be methylated in the marine sedimentary environment. This paper reports on the works conducted on the MI upgrade.

Distribution of sedimentary mercury off Svalbard, European Arctic.

The European Arctic, including the Svalbard archipelago, receives mercury loads due to long range atmospheric transport, local contamination, melting of glaciers and as a result of bedrock weathering. Few studies have been devoted to the contamination history and sources of sedimentary mercury in the Svalbard area. This knowledge gap is addressed in this study.

Total, methyl and organic mercury in sediments of the Southern Baltic Sea.

Distribution of sedimentary mercury in the Southern Baltic was investigated. Sediment samples were collected from the Southern Baltic in the period from 2009 to 2011, and concentrations of sedimentary total mercury (average 102 ng/g, range 5.8-225 ng/g) and methyl mercury (average 261 pg/g, range 61-940 pg/g) were measured in the manner that the influence of both patchiness and seasonal changes were assessed.

Submarine Groundwater Discharge as a Source of Mercury in the Bay of Puck, the Southern Baltic Sea.

Both groundwater flow and mercury concentrations in pore water and seawater were quantified in the groundwater seeping site of the Bay of Puck, southern Baltic Sea. Total dissolved mercury (HgT) in pore water ranged from 0.51 to 4.