Outcomes With Combination Pembrolizumab and Axitinib in Second and Further Line Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: Combination immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-R-TKI), including pembrolizumab/axitinib, are approved for first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Pembrolizumab/axitinib is associated with superior progression free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and overall survival over sunitinib. However, to date, the activity and safety of pembrolizumab/axitinib in later lines of therapy has not been reported.

Real-World Incidence of Pneumonitis in Patients Receiving Durvalumab.

Introduction/background: Durvalumab is a programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor indicated for stage III, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consolidation therapy following concurrent platinum-based chemoradiation based on results of the PACIFIC trial. Safety data of durvalumab demonstrates an increased risk of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), most notably pneumonitis. Pneumonitis is a serious and potentially fatal complication of immunotherapy.

Optimizing treatment duration with ramucirumab and paclitaxel by managing chemotherapy-associated toxicity: Review of four cases.

Gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas have poor prognoses. Ramucirumab is considered a second-line standard of care for patients with these cancers. Patients may develop chemotherapy-induced adverse events, and physicians may benefit from greater familiarity with treatment management in the setting of common adverse events.

Assessment of extended urine protein monitoring frequency in patients receiving bevacizumab.

Purpose: Proteinuria monitoring is required for patients receiving bevacizumab. Nonetheless, the frequency of monitoring is not specified in the package insert. A 2014 quality improvement study performed at Yale New Haven Health System (YNHHS) found that proteinuria occurred in 15% (all grade) of the 162 patients evaluated.