Fascia Lata Allograft Superior Capsule Reconstruction Restores Glenohumeral Translation but Alters Glenohumeral Kinematics at Low Abduction Angles.

Background: There is a relative paucity of studies examining how the superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) may alter the kinematics of the glenohumeral joint capsule itself, specifically with respect to rotation and translation in the anterior-posterior and superior-inferior planes. This then raises the possibility that the SCR may be having unintended consequences on glenohumeral kinematics. The purpose of this study was to quantify the glenohumeral joint kinematics following Fascia Lata SCR (FL-SCR).

Biomechanical Comparison of Internal Rotational Effectiveness following Medialized Glenoid and Lateralized Humerus Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty with Tendon Transfers: Isolated latissimus dorsi, Combined Latissimus dorsi/teres major, and Pectoralis major tendon transfers.

Background: The restriction of active internal rotation (IR) after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) poses a challenging problem for reconstructive shoulder surgeons, particularly in patients suffering from massive rotator cuff tears (mRCT) with subscapularis (SSC) deficiency. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical effectiveness of different tendon transfer techniques following medialized glenoid and lateralized humerus RSA in improving internal rotation (IR) strength.

Methods: Eight cadaveric shoulder specimens were evaluated using a custom shoulder testing system designed to simulate loading conditions typical of mRCT with SSC insufficiency.

Biomechanical Comparison of Volar Plate Repair Versus Volar Plate Repair With Suture Tape Augmentation at the Finger Proximal Interphalangeal Joint.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to perform a biomechanical comparison of volar plate repair alone versus volar plate repair with suture tape augmentation in a hyperextension laxity injury model at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint.

Methods: Ten matched cadaveric fingers were obtained from five cadavers (average age, 59 ± 7 years). The specimens underwent 5 and 10 N·cm of extension load at the PIP joint to measure the laxity of the intact joint.

Mechanically anisotropic phantoms for magnetic resonance elastography.

Purpose: Imaging phantoms with known anisotropic mechanical properties are needed to evaluate magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) methods to estimate anisotropic parameters. The aims of this study were to fabricate mechanically anisotropic MRE phantoms, characterize their mechanical behavior by direct testing, then assess the accuracy of MRE estimates of anisotropic properties using a transversely isotropic nonlinear inversion (TI-NLI) algorithm.

Methods: Directionally scaled and unscaled lattices were designed to exhibit anisotropic or isotropic mechanical properties.

Force and energy transmission at the brain-skull interface of the minipig in vivo and post-mortem.

The brain-skull interface plays an important role in the mechano-pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). A comprehensive understanding of the mechanical behavior of the brain-skull interface in vivo is significant for understanding the mechanisms of TBI and creating accurate computational models. Here we investigate the force and energy transmission at the minipig brain-skull interface by non-invasive methods in the live (in vivo) and dead animal (in situ).