Technical note: A biological anthropologist's guide for applying microbiome science to studies of human and non-human primates.

A central goal of biological anthropology is connecting environmental variation to differences in host physiology, biology, health, and evolution. The microbiome represents a valuable pathway for studying how variation in host environments impacts health outcomes. While there are many resources for learning about methods related to microbiome sample collection, laboratory analyses, and genetic sequencing, there are fewer dedicated to helping researchers navigate the dense portfolio of bioinformatics and statistical approaches for analyzing microbiome data.

The protective associations of breastfeeding with infant overweight and asthma are not dependent on maternal FUT2 secretor status.

Breastfeeding supplies infant gut bacteria with human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as a nutrient source. HMO profiles are influenced by the FUT2 gene, which encodes an enzyme affecting the fucosylation of milk sugars. 20 to 40% of individuals have a "non-secretor" polymorphism that inactivates the FUT2 gene, resulting in variable HMO proportions in milk.

Interactions with alloparents are associated with the diversity of infant skin and fecal bacterial communities in Chicago, United States.

Introduction: Social interactions shape the infant microbiome by providing opportunities for caregivers to spread bacteria through physical contact. With most research focused on the impact of maternal-infant contact on the infant gut microbiome, it is unclear how alloparents (i.e.

Using a six-step co-design model to rapidly respond to cancer carers support and information needs during a global pandemic.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic placed severe strain on cancer carers resulting in an urgent need for information and support.

Methods: The Santin 2019 6-step co-design model was used to rapidly modify an existing online cancer carers resource. Draft content of a COVID-19 module was created via two workshops and six meetings with an expert advisory team (Step 1).

Prenatal household size and composition are associated with infant fecal bacterial diversity in Cebu, Philippines.

Objectives: The gut microbiome (GM) connects physical and social environments to infant health. Since the infant GM affects immune system development, there is interest in understanding how infants acquire microbes from mothers and other household members.

Materials And Methods: As a part of the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), we paired fecal samples (proxy for the GM) collected from infants living in Metro Cebu, Philippines at 2 weeks (N = 39) and 6 months (N = 36) with maternal interviews about prenatal household composition.