Intractable conflicts over end-of-life decisions: A descriptive and ethical analysis of French case-law.

Context: In European and Anglo-Saxon countries, life-sustaining treatment (LST) limitation decisions precede more than 80% of ICU deaths. However, there is now increasing evidence of disagreement and conflict between clinical teams and family members over LST limitation decisions. In some cases, these conflicts are brought to the courts.

A qualitative study of professionals' perspectives on the ethics of medically-delivered safer injection education for people who inject drugs.

Background: In this qualitative analysis we aimed to explore addiction physicians' perspectives on safer injection education for people who inject drugs, especially: (1) on possible means of introducing safer injection education in the medical environment, (2) on the compatibility of safer injection education with each physician's core values and goals, and (3) on possible reasons for the ethical dilemma in safer injection education.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with eleven physicians practicing addiction medicine in France in clinical and harm reduction settings.

Results: All participants were in favor of educational interventions for people who inject drugs.

Team-family conflicts over end-of-life decisions in ICU: A survey of French physicians' beliefs.

Introduction: Conflicts between relatives and physicians may arise when decisions are being made about limiting life-sustaining therapies (LST). The aim of this study was to describe the motives for, and management of team-family conflicts surrounding LST limitation decisions in French adult ICUs.

Methods: Between June and October 2021, French ICU physicians were invited to answer a questionnaire.

Limitation of life-sustaining therapies in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a descriptive epidemiological investigation from the COVID-ICU study.

Background: Limitations of life-sustaining therapies (LST) practices are frequent and vary among intensive care units (ICUs). However, scarce data were available during the COVID-19 pandemic when ICUs were under intense pressure. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, cumulative incidence, timing, modalities, and factors associated with LST decisions in critically ill COVID-19 patients.