Publications by authors named "M Malerba"
Article Synopsis
- Patchy data on litter decomposition in wetlands limits understanding of carbon storage, prompting a global study involving over 180 wetlands across multiple countries and climates.
- The study found that freshwater wetlands and tidal marshes had more organic matter remaining after decay, indicating better potential for carbon preservation in these areas.
- Elevated temperatures positively affect the decomposition of resistant organic matter, with projections suggesting an increase in decay rates by 2050; however, the impact varies by ecosystem type and highlights the need to recognize both local and global factors influencing carbon storage.
Background: Lung quantitative computed tomography (qCT) severe asthma clusters have been reported, but their replication and underlying disease mechanisms are unknown. We identified and replicated qCT clusters of severe asthma in two independent asthma cohorts and determined their association with molecular pathways, using radiomultiomics, integrating qCT, multiomics and machine learning/artificial intelligence.
Methods: We used consensus clustering on qCT measurements of airway and lung CT scans, performed in 105 severe asthmatic adults from the U-BIOPRED cohort.
Article Synopsis
- JAK2V617F is the most common genetic mutation in Philadelphia-negative chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), and researchers believe abnormalities in Chromosome 9 may influence the disease in patients with this mutation.
- A specific group of MPN patients, called +9p patients, were found to have three copies of the JAK2 gene and nearby genes, leading to increased production of the immunosuppressive PD-L1 protein.
- The study showed that these +9p patients have a distinct cancer profile, characterized by greater stem cell-like properties and an immune response that results in exhausted T cells, highlighting a complex interaction between +9p and JAK2V617F mutations.
Farm dams, also known as 'agricultural ponds', are ubiquitous features of agricultural landscapes globally. Those accessed by livestock have high methane (CH) emissions per unit area relative to other freshwater systems. Fencing dams and installing water troughs to prevent livestock from entering the dams are promising strategies to improve water quality and substantially reduce their carbon footprints.
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- * Researchers discovered that the hormone hepcidin is highly expressed in the skin of psoriasis patients, particularly those with treatment-resistant pustular forms.
- * In experiments with mice, high levels of hepcidin in skin cells caused excessive skin growth and immune cell attraction, suggesting hepcidin plays a key role in psoriasis and could be a target for new treatments.