SWI brush sign of cerebral parenchymal veins in central nervous system diseases.

Brush sign (BS) was first reported as prominent hypointensity of deep medullary veins and subependymal veins on T2*-weighted images at 3 T MRI in patients with acute stroke in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. Subsequently, BS in central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as moyamoya disease, cerebral venous thrombosis, and Sturge-Weber syndrome was also described on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and the clinical implications of BS were discussed. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate BS on SWI in various CNS diseases and its mechanisms in the above-mentioned diseases.

Updated imaging markers in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: What radiologists need to know.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an age-related small vessel disease pathologically characterized by the progressive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide in cerebrovascular walls, affecting both cortical and leptomeningeal vessels. Amyloid deposition results in fragile vessels, which may lead to lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and cognitive impairment. To evaluate the probability and severity of CAA, the imaging markers depicted on CT and MRI techniques are crucial, as brain pathological examination is highly invasive.

A Novel Cross-Immune Antigen Vaccine Platform for Influenza Virus Type A.

We have developed a novel cross-immune antigen vaccine platform for influenza A virus. The vaccine antigen is a fusion protein of headless hemagglutinin (HA) and matrix protein 1 (M1), which possess B-cell and T-cell epitopes, respectively, that are conserved among subgroup A viruses. The single molecule of headless HA and M1 fusion protein forms an oligomer by self-assembly of M1.

Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein Is Associated With Transmural Inflammation Assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound in Patients With Crohn's Disease.

Background: Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a non-invasive tool for evaluating transmural inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). However, its utility is constrained by operator dependency and limited accessibility.

Aims: To explore the feasibility of serum biomarkers-specifically leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG)-as an alternative to IUS for assessing transmural inflammation.