Combined effects of mild hypothermia and nitrous-oxide-induced narcosis on manual and cognitive performance.

Divers are at enhanced risk of suffering from acute cognitive deterioration because of the low ambient temperatures and the narcotic action of inert gases inspired at high pressures. Yet, the behavioral effects of cold and inert gas narcosis have commonly been assessed in isolation and during short-term provocations. We therefore evaluated the interactive influence of mild hypothermia and narcosis engendered by a subanesthetic dose of nitrous oxide (NO; a normobaric intervention analog of hyperbaric nitrogen) on cognitive function during prolonged iterative exposure.

Nitrous oxide consistently attenuates thermogenic and thermoperceptual responses to repetitive cold stress in humans.

Divers are at enhanced risk of hypothermia, due to the independent action of the inspired inert gases on thermoregulation. Thus, narcosis induced by acute (≤2 h) exposure to either hyperbaric nitrogen or normobaric nitrous oxide (NO) impairs shivering thermogenesis and accelerates body core cooling. Animal-based studies, however, have indicated that repeated and sustained NO administration may prevent NO-evoked hypometabolism.

INTS10-INTS13-INTS14 form a functional module of Integrator that binds nucleic acids and the cleavage module.

The Integrator complex processes 3'-ends of spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). Furthermore, it regulates transcription of protein coding genes by terminating transcription after unstable pausing. The molecular basis for Integrator's functions remains obscure.

Examination of gas exchange and blood lactate thresholds in Paralympic athletes during upper-body poling.

Objectives: The primary aim was to compare physiological and perceptual outcome parameters identified at common gas exchange and blood lactate (BLa) thresholds in Paralympic athletes while upper-body poling. The secondary aim was to compare the fit of the breakpoint models used to identify thresholds in the gas exchange thresholds data versus continuous linear and curvilinear (no-breakpoint) models.

Methods: Fifteen elite Para ice hockey players performed seven to eight 5-min stages at increasing workload until exhaustion during upper-body poling.

Nascent RNA signaling to yeast RNA Pol II during transcription elongation.

Transcription as the key step in gene expression is a highly regulated process. The speed of transcription elongation depends on the underlying gene sequence and varies on a gene by gene basis. The reason for this sequence dependence is not known in detail.