Dynamically Downscaled Projections of Phenological Changes across the Contiguous United States.

Phenological indicators (PI) are used to study changes to animal and plant behavior in response to seasonal cycles, and they can be useful to quantify the potential impacts of climate change on ecosystems. Here, multiple global climate models and emission scenarios are used to drive dynamically downscaled simulations using the WRF model over the CONUS. The wintertime dormancy of plants (chilling units or "CU"), timing of spring onset (Extended Spring Indices or "SI"), and frequency of proceeding false springs are calculated from regional climate simulations covering historical (1995-2005) and future periods (2025-2100).

Pathology in Practice.

In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.

Regional temperature-ozone relationships across the U.S. under multiple climate and emissions scenarios.

The potential effects of 21st century climate change on ozone (O) concentrations in the United States are investigated using global climate simulations to drive higher-resolution regional meteorological and chemical transport models. Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Coupled Model version 3 (CM3) simulations of the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario are dynamically downscaled using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, and the resulting meteorological fields are used to drive the Community Multiscale Air Quality model.

Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Approach to Hiatal Hernia Repair: Results After 7 Years of Robotic Experience.

Introduction: Robotic hiatal hernia repair offers potential advantages over traditional laparoscopy, most notably enhanced visualization, improved ergonomics, and articulating instruments. The clinical outcomes, however, have not been adequately evaluated. We report outcomes of laparoscopic and robotic hiatal hernia repairs.

Effects of Mosaic Land Use on Dynamically Downscaled WRF Simulations of the Contiguous U.S.

The representation of land use (LU) in meteorological modeling strongly influences the simulation of fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum; affecting the accuracy of 2-m temperature and precipitation. Here, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used with the Noah land surface model to compare a mosaic approach, which accounts for subgrid scale variability of LU types, to the default option which only considers the dominant category in each grid cell. Three-year historical dynamically downscaled WRF simulations are generated using a 12-km domain over the contiguous U.