Omega-3 Fatty Acid Treatment Combined with Chemotherapy to Prevent Toxicity, Drug Resistance, and Metastasis in Cancer.

Despite advances in treatment, individuals diagnosed with cancer are often at risk of suffering from metastasis, tumor recurrence, therapy resistance, and off-target toxicities from conventional chemo-, radio-, and endocrine- therapies. Drugs with potent anticancer and antimetastatic activity but with milder side effects can be combined with conventional therapies to increase efficacy, reduce therapy resistance, and decrease toxicity. Substantial data from epidemiological, cell culture, animal, and clinical studies have established the anticancer potential of nontoxic omega-3 fatty acids.

Hedgehog transcriptional effector GLI mediates mTOR-Induced PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer organoids.

Tumors evade immune surveillance by expressing Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), subsequently inhibiting CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte function. Response of gastric cancer to immunotherapy is relatively low. Our laboratory has reported that Helicobacter pylori-induced PD-L1 expression within the gastric epithelium is mediated by the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway.

Molecular insights into the interplay between adiposity, breast cancer and bone metastasis.

Cancer is a complex disease, with various pre-existing health ailments enhancing its pathology. In cancer, the extracellular environment contains various intrinsic physiological factors whose levels are altered with aging and pre-existing conditions. In obesity, the tumor microenvironment and metastases are enriched with factors that are both derived locally, and from other physiological compartments.

A model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis reveals a hypermorphic gain of function mechanism.

The autosomal dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) is caused by mutations in the synaptic vesicle (SV) protein CSPα. We developed animal models of by expressing mutant human CSPα (hCSPα) in neurons. Similar to patients, mutations induced excessive oligomerization of hCSPα and premature lethality in a dose-dependent manner.

Strain variations in cone wavelength peaks during zebrafish development.

There are four cone morphologies in zebrafish, corresponding to UV (U), blue (B), green (G), and red (R)-sensing types; yet genetically, eight cone opsins are expressed. How eight opsins are physiologically siloed in four cone types is not well understood, and in larvae, cone physiological spectral peaks are unstudied. We use a spectral model to infer cone wavelength peaks, semisaturation irradiances, and saturation amplitudes from electroretinogram (ERG) datasets composed of multi-wavelength, multi-irradiance, aspartate-isolated, cone-PIII signals, as compiled from many 5- to 12-day larvae and 8- to 18-month-old adult eyes isolated from wild-type (WT) or roy orbison (roy) strains.