Chemosensate-Induced Modulation of the Salivary Proteome and Metabolome Alters the Sensory Perception of Salt Taste and Odor-Active Thiols.

Oral stimulation with chemosensates was found to trigger changes in the composition of the salivary proteome and metabolome, which translate into a functional modulation of odor and taste perception. Orosensory intervention with 6-gingerol induced a significant increase in the abundance of salivary sulfhydryl oxidase 1, which was found to catalyze the oxidative decline of odor-active 2-furfurylthiol, thus resulting in a decrease in the odorant levels in exhaled breath, as shown by PTR-MS, and a reduction of the perceived sulfury after-smell. Therefore, sulfhydryl oxidase 1 may be considered as a component of a molecular network triggering oral cleansing mechanisms after food ingestion.

Untargeted Identification of Wood Type-Specific Markers in Particulate Matter from Wood Combustion.

Residential wood combustion emissions are one of the major global sources of particulate and gaseous organic pollutants. However, the detailed chemical compositions of these emissions are poorly characterized due to their highly complex molecular compositions, nonideal combustion conditions, and sample preparation steps. In this study, the particulate organic emissions from a masonry heater using three types of wood logs, namely, beech, birch, and spruce, were chemically characterized using thermal desorption in situ derivatization coupled to a GCxGC-ToF/MS system.

Effect of intracellular chloride on the cellular pharmacodynamics of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II).

cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) is activated by aquation to species that are much more reactive with nucleophiles. The dichloro form of the drug predominates at the high CI- concentrations found outside the cell (approximately 108 mM), whereas the reactive aquated forms predominate at low CI-. Lower CI- levels inside cells are presumed to facilitate cellular platination reactions, but little actual data are available to support this general belief.

Drug accumulation and DNA platination in cells exposed to aquated cisplatin species.

Since CP always exists in aqueous solution as a mixture of native drug and various aqua and hydroxo species, it is conceivable that one or more of these aquated species is the main form of the drug that enters the cell. To test this hypothesis, we examined the accumulation by 2008 human ovarian carcinoma cells of CP and aquated CP in Cl-, deficient medium. After 24 h in 150 mM NaNO3, HPLC analysis indicated that 54% of the platinum in solution was accounted for by aquated species.

A polymerase chain reaction-based method to detect cisplatin adducts in specific genes.

Every bulky lesion in DNA can potentially inhibit the Taq DNA polymerase and thereby decrease the amplification produced in the polymerase chain reaction. We investigated the feasibility of using this inhibition to quantify DNA lesions produced by the anticancer drug cisplatin. Products were detected by electrophoresis followed by ethidium bromide staining.