Medical large language models are vulnerable to data-poisoning attacks.

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare demands a careful analysis of their potential to spread false medical knowledge. Because LLMs ingest massive volumes of data from the open Internet during training, they are potentially exposed to unverified medical knowledge that may include deliberately planted misinformation. Here, we perform a threat assessment that simulates a data-poisoning attack against The Pile, a popular dataset used for LLM development.

Association of the ascending aortic length with acute type A aortic dissection: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: To investigate whether, alongside aortic dilatation, ascending aortic (AA) elongation is associated with the increased risk for aortic dissection.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients treated for Stanford type A aortic dissection (n = 102) in Kuopio University Hospital between 2009 and 2022, patients with AA dilatation (maximal diameter > 40 mm) (n = 134), and healthy controls (n = 191). AA length and dimensions were measured from aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.

Linear growth pattern can be used to predict ascending aortic aneurysm growth.

Current guidelines recommend that surveillance imaging should be performed at least every third year for patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) even though such aneurysms' growth rate is mostly minimal. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pattern of the growth of ATAAs in a real-life patient population to adjust the optimal timing of aortic surveillance for each patient. This study includes patients ( = 209) who had been followed due to ATAA in the central hospital of North Karelia in Eastern Finland between years 2007 and 2023.

[Summary »The unsuccessful doctors« or »the real doctors«? - what students hear about GPs].

A school's culture has been shown to influence medical students in their choice of future discipline. Therefore, we aimed to explore the culture towards the general practice discipline, as reflected in comments to medical students from their teachers and clinical tutors. Students in their 6th and 11th terms at the Universities of Umeå and Uppsala participated in a questionnaire study.