Neurosurgery Training in Greece.

Objective: The structure and specifics of neurosurgery residency training vary substantially across programs and countries, potentially leading to differences in clinical reasoning, surgical skills, and professionalism. The Greek neurosurgical training system is unique in numerous respects. This manuscript delineates the current state of neurosurgical residency training in Greece and outlines future directions.

A computed tomography study on the olfactory fossa in dried skulls.

Purpose: The computed tomography (CT) study investigates the olfactory fossa (OF) morphometry and morphology.

Methods: Fifty Greek adult dried skulls were macroscopically investigated for the detection of the OF morphological patterns and after a multiplanar CT reconstruction, the OF morphometry was accurately calculated using a digital ruler.

Results: Types I and II surface contour patterns were the most frequently identified (36 and 32%), followed by types III, IV, and V (16, 12, and 4%).

Atlas posterior arch and vertebral artery's groove variants: a classification, morphometric study, clinical and surgical implications.

Background: The third part of the vertebral artery (VA) coursing in vertebral artery groove (VAG) may be injured during posterior craniocervical junction approaches.

Objective: The current study classifies all possible variants of the posterior arch (PA) of the atlas vertebra (C), focusing on VAG and calculates their incidence. PA and VAG morphometry is studied in correlation with gender and age.

Incidence and morphometry of caroticoclinoid foramina in Greek dry human skulls.

Background: Ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament (CCL) and formation of a caroticoclinoid foramen (CCF) may impose significant risk to neurosurgeons by impeding mobilization of the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. Although safe surgical access to the clinoidal space is related to understanding the CCF anatomical and ethnic variants, there remains a paucity of studies of the morphology and bony relationships. The current study provides a systematic morphological and morphometric analysis of the CCF, the ossification of the CCL extending between the anterior and middle clinoid processes, and their relations in a Greek population.

Spinal cystic meningioma presenting as a ring enhancing lesion on MRI.

Spinal meningiomas are much more common in women. The peak age incidence of presentation occurs in the sixth decade. Cystic meningiomas are rare and seem to have a predilection for children.