Reversal of Solvent Migration in Poroelastic Folds.

Polymer networks and biological tissues are often swollen by a solvent such that their properties emerge from a coupling between swelling and elastic stress. This poroelastic coupling becomes particularly intricate in wetting, adhesion, and creasing, for which sharp folds appear that can even lead to phase separation. Here, we resolve the singular nature of poroelastic surface folds and determine the solvent distribution in the vicinity of the fold tip.

Tolerability of lithium: A naturalistic discontinuation study in older inpatients (≥60 years).

Objectives: Lithium is one of the most effective treatment options in both bipolar disorder and treatment-resistant depression. The use of lithium in older patients declined during the last decades, probably resulting in undertreatment of older patients. To investigate how well lithium is tolerated in old age, we aimed to determine the frequency, reasons, and possible predictors of discontinuation due to adverse effects in a cohort of inpatients ≥60 years who had started with lithium.

Apraxia in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: validity and reliability of the Van Heugten test for apraxia.

Aim: To assess the reliability and validity of the Van Heugten test for apraxia (VHA), developed for and used in stroke patients, in a memory clinic population. Furthermore, we assess the presence and severity of apraxia in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and investigate which AD patients are likely to develop apraxia.

Methods: We included 90 controls (age: 60 ± 9 years, MMSE: 28 ± 2), 90 MCI patients (age: 65 ± 7 years, MMSE: 26 ± 2) and 158 AD patients (age: 66 ± 8 years, MMSE: 20 ± 5).