Assessing the potential role of deer in the dissemination of Mycobacterium bovis infection to cattle in Northern Ireland.

Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of animal tuberculosis, exhibits a broad host range - infecting, inducing pathology and transmitting from both bovine and wildlife hosts. Considerable effort has been extended to understanding the role wildlife may play in persistence and spread of infection. Infected cervids can spread infection to conspecifics and sympatric livestock as observed in the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginanus) population of Michigan, USA.

The Economic Burden of Management of Pituitary Adenomas: A Propensity-Score-Matched Cost Analysis.

Importance: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) present a notable economic burden on healthcare systems due to their management's reliance on multimodal, often costly interventions.

Objective: To determine total and relative healthcare costs for PAs at Ontario-based institutions.

Design: A retrospective, propensity-score-matched cohort analysis.

Investigating the Role of Glyoxalase 1 as a Therapeutic Target for Cocaine and Oxycodone Use Disorder.

Methylglyoxal (MG) is an endogenously produced non-enzymatic side product of glycolysis that acts as a partial agonist at GABA receptors. MG that is metabolized by the enzyme glyoxalase-1 (GLO1). Inhibition of GLO1 increases methylglyoxal levels, and has been shown to modulate various behaviors, including decreasing seeking of cocaine-paired cues and ethanol consumption.

Alterations of T Cell Subsets Associated with Sickle Cell Trait.

Sickle cell trait (SCT) has been associated with alterations in various immune-related laboratory parameters including lower circulating lymphocyte counts. To further characterize the impact of SCT on the immune system, we performed flow cytometry of monocyte and lymphocyte immune cell subsets from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected in a large, community-based cohort of SCT-positive (n = 68) and SCT-negative (n = 959) Black adults. SCT was significantly associated with lower proportions of CD8 and CD4 T cell subsets that include senescent-like markers of repeated immune system challenges.

Development and Initial Outcomes of the Interdisciplinary 'Early Identification and Intervention for Infants Network' (Ei3) in Los Angeles.

: The Early Identification and Intervention for Infants (Ei3) Network is an interdisciplinary team dedicated to improving early detection and intervention of cerebral palsy (CP) in California. This paper describes the key (1) awareness-building and (2) capacity-building strategies utilized by the Ei3 Network in the first two years. : Awareness-building methods included interactive conference discussions, resource deliverable creation, and the creation of a framework for dissemination.