Publications by authors named "M Lichtner"
Objectives: To estimate the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death (CovH/D), among high-risk individuals early treated for COVID-19 and to identify associated factors.
Methods And Results: A multicenter cohort of 12,475 high-risk outpatients (female 50.2%, median age 70 years [IQR 57-80], fully vaccinated 79.
Following viral infection, antigen-restricted T lymphocytes are activated and recognize infected cells to eliminate them. A subset of T cells differentiates into memory lymphocytes able to counteract viral rechallenge in a faster and enhanced way. SARS-CoV-2 can escape immune responses leading to a poor clinical outcome.
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- Low-grade endotoxemia, caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is detected in COVID-19 patients, potentially promoting thrombosis through a pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant state.
- The study measured various biomarkers in 175 COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy controls, finding significantly elevated levels of markers like sNOX2-dp and D-dimer in COVID-19 patients, especially those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- Results suggest that factors like impaired gut barrier function, high NOX2 activation, and low albumin may lead to low-grade endotoxemia, increasing the risk of thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients.
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19 is associated with abnormal levels of specific cytokines in the body, which may help in managing the disease.
- The study measures various inflammatory cytokines in serum samples from healthy individuals, COVID-19 patients upon hospital admission, and those who have recovered after different timeframes.
- Results showed that IL-10 levels rise during initial infection, while other cytokines like IL-27 and TNF-α fluctuate over time, suggesting that some cytokines may indicate disease severity or the risk of long-term effects after recovery.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed HIV-1 sequences from 2386 drug-naïve individuals in Italy from 2015 to 2021 to assess the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among them.
- TDR prevalence was found to be 8%, with a slight difference between B subtypes (9.5%) and non-B subtypes (6.1%), and it remained stable over the years assessed.
- The research indicated that certain subtypes were associated with lower TDR rates, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring of TDR in newly diagnosed HIV patients to improve treatment strategies.