Partial liver resection alters the bile salt-FGF19 axis in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: Implications for liver regeneration.

Background: Extended liver resection is the only treatment option for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA). Bile salts and the gut hormone FGF19, both promoters of liver regeneration (LR), have not been investigated in patients undergoing resection for pCCA. We aimed to evaluate the bile salt-FGF19 axis perioperatively in pCCA and study its effects on LR.

Microbially conjugated bile salts found in human bile activate the bile salt receptors TGR5 and FXR.

Background: Bile salts of hepatic and microbial origin mediate interorgan cross talk in the gut-liver axis. Here, we assessed whether the newly discovered class of microbial bile salt conjugates (MBSCs) activate the main host bile salt receptors (Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 [TGR5] and farnesoid X receptor [FXR]) and enter the human systemic and enterohepatic circulation.

Methods: N-amidates of (chenodeoxy) cholic acid and leucine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were synthesized.

High Dose Fish Oil Added to Various Lipid Emulsions Normalizes Superoxide Dismutase 1 Activity in Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients.

(1) Objectives Intestinal failure in home parenteral nutrition patients (HPNPs) results in oxidative stress and liver damage. This study investigated how a high dose of fish oil (FO) added to various lipid emulsions influences antioxidant status and liver function markers in HPNPs. (2) Methods: Twelve HPNPs receiving Smoflipid for at least 3 months were given FO (Omegaven) for a further 4 weeks.

Biomarkers of hepatocellular synthesis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Background And Aim: Since hepatocytes produce majority of serum proteins, patients with cirrhosis display substantial alterations in the serum proteome. The aim of the current study was to characterize these changes and to study the prognostic utility of hepatocellular proteins available in routine clinical testing.

Methods: Sera from 29 healthy controls and 43 patients with cirrhosis were subjected to untargeted proteomic analysis.

Serum concentration of taurochenodeoxycholic acid predicts clinically significant portal hypertension.

Background & Aims: Severity of portal hypertension is usually quantified by measuring the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG). However, due to its invasiveness, alternative markers are being sought. Bile acids (BA), being synthesized, metabolized, and transported by the liver, seem to have the potential to serve as endogenous markers.