Biopsy-Proven T-Cell Mediated Rejection After Belatacept Rescue Conversion: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

After kidney transplantation, conversion to belatacept is a promising alternative in patients with poor graft function or intolerance to calcineurin inhibitors. The risk of acute rejection has not been well described under these conditions. Here we present a retrospective multicenter study investigating the occurrence of acute rejection after conversion in 901 patients (2011-2021).

The 2024 updated WHO guidelines for the prevention and management of chronic hepatitis B: main changes and potential implications for the next major liver society clinical practice guidelines.

Progress towards hepatitis B virus (HBV) global elimination has been slow and most countries are far to reach the elimination targets set up by the World Health Organization (WHO). The burden of chronic hepatitis B is mainly bear by resource-limited countries where only a minority of people living with HBV are diagnosed and treated and international guidelines hardly applicable in real-life. In March 2024, the WHO released its revised guidelines for the prevention and management of chronic hepatitis B.

Multimodal single-cell profiling reveals neuronal vulnerability and pathological cell states in focal cortical dysplasia.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by malformations of the cerebral cortex that often cause drug-resistant epilepsy. In this study, we performed multi-omics single-nuclei profiling to map the chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscapes of FCD type II, generating a comprehensive multimodal single-nuclei dataset comprising 61,525 cells from 11 clinical samples of lesions and controls. Our findings revealed profound chromatin, transcriptomic, and cellular alterations affecting neuronal and glial cells in FCD lesions, including the selective loss of upper-layer excitatory neurons, significant expansion of oligodendrocytes and immature astrocytic populations, and a distinct neuronal subpopulation harboring dysmorphic neurons.

Real-Life Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Nucleic Acid Testing Using the GeneXpert Point-of-Care Test System from Fresh Plasma and Dry Blood Spot Samples in The Gambia.

The GeneXpert HBV Viral Load test is a simplified tool to scale up screening and HBV monitoring in resource-limited settings, where HBV is endemic and where molecular techniques to quantify HBV DNA are expensive and scarce. However, the accuracy of field diagnostics compared to gold standard assays in HBV-endemic African countries has not been well understood. We aim to validate the diagnostic performance of the GeneXpert HBV Viral Load test in freshly collected and stored plasma and dried blood spot (DBS) samples to assess turn-around-time (TAT) for sample processing and treatment initiation, to map GeneXpert machines and to determine limitations to its use in The Gambia.