Gut Microbiome Composition and Its Association with Sleep in Major Psychiatric Disorders.

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent across most major psychiatric disorders. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroimmune mechanisms, and circadian rhythm disturbances partially explain this connection. The gut microbiome is also suspected to play a role in sleep regulation, and recent studies suggest that certain probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiome transplantation can improve sleep quality.

Novel approaches for the assessment of relative body weight and body fat in diagnosis and treatment of anorexia nervosa: A cross-sectional study.

Background & Aims: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychosomatic disease that seriously affects nutritional status. Therapeutic approaches primarily aim for rapid weight restoration by high caloric diets and activity restriction. This often promotes abdominal body fat gain, which potentially negatively influences the patient's compliance and increases the risk of relapse.

Gut microbiota, dietary intakes and intestinal permeability reflected by serum zonulin in women.

Purpose: Increased gut permeability causes the trespass of antigens into the blood stream which leads to inflammation. Gut permeability reflected by serum zonulin and diversity of the gut microbiome were investigated in this cross-sectional study involving female study participants with different activity and BMI levels.

Methods: 102 women were included (BMI range 13.

Sleep habits and sleep complaints in Austria: current self-reported data on sleep behaviour, sleep disturbances and their treatment.

Objectives: To acquire current information on sleep habits, disturbances and treatment options in the adult population of Austria and compare results with previously collected data.

Materials And Methods: A representative sample of the Austrian population (women: n = 522, men: n = 478).

Results: Seventy-five percent reported daily sleep-duration between 6 and 8 h.