Binasal congruous hemianopia secondary to functional visual loss: A case report.

Introduction: To describe an unusual case of binasal congruous hemianopia secondary to functional visual loss (FVL).

Patient Concerns: A 24 year-old male was referred originally by his optician at the Emergency Eye Department of the Leicester Royal Infirmary in October 2018 with visual field changes affecting the nasal field of vision in both eyes on routine eye examination. The patient reported ongoing headaches over the last 6 weeks to 8 weeks associated with simultaneous peripheral visual field changes.

Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis presenting with catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with intellectual disability and autism.

We report anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis in two patients with autism and intellectual disability presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms of catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Case reports such as these help raise awareness of this clinical issue. By paving the way for earlier diagnoses they ultimately maximise the potential for curative treatments and prevention of long-term complications.

Morphology of retinal vessels in patients with optic nerve head drusen and optic disc edema.

Purpose: We quantitatively investigated the peripapillary vascular morphology in patients with optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) and optic disc edema (ODE).

Methods: Computer-based fundus analysis was used to investigate peripapillary vascular morphology, including length, branching, and diameter of arteries and veins calibrated by optical coherence tomography.

Results: Patients with ONHD showed significantly larger diameters of arteries without branching (P = 0.