A distributed subcortical circuit linked to instrumental information-seeking about threat.

Daily life for humans and other animals requires switching between periods of threat- and reward-oriented behavior. We investigated neural activity associated with spontaneous switching, in a naturalistic task, between foraging for rewards and seeking information about potential threats with 7T fMRI in healthy humans. Switching was driven by estimates of likelihood of threat and reward.

Modular design workflow for 3D printable bioresorbable patient-specific bone scaffolds: extended features and clinical validation.

A previously in-house developed patient-specific scaffold design workflow was extended with new features to overcome several limitations and to broaden its adaptability to diverse bone defects, thereby enhancing its fit for routine clinical use. It was applied to three clinical cases for further validation. A virtual surgical resection tool was developed to remove regions of the bone defect models.

Lost in translation: the lack of agreement between surgeons and scientists regarding biomaterials research and innovation for treating bone defects.

Background: With over 2 million grafts performed annually, bone ranks second only to blood in the frequency of transplants. This high demand is primarily driven by the persistent challenges posed by bone defects, particularly following trauma or surgical interventions such as tumour excision. The demand for effective and efficient treatments has increased exponentially in the twenty-first century.

Clinical challenges in prostate cancer management: Metastatic bone-tropism and the role of circulating tumor cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide, primarily due to its tendency to metastasize, with bones of axial skeleton being the favored target-site. PCa bone-metastasis (PCa-BM) presents significant clinical challenges, especially by the weakening of bone architecture, majorly due to the formation of osteoblastic lesions, leading to severe bone fractures. Another complication is that the disease predominantly affects elderly men.