Dental caries and sugar consumption into the 21st century.

New trends towards the effect and role of sugar consumption in the etiology of dental caries into the 21st century are presented, analyzed and discussed. Many factors such as the amount of sugar consumed, the frequency of sugar intake and the kind of sugars ingested have to be taken into consideration. Over the years, the relative importance of these factors has changed.

Oral hairy leukoplakia in a child with AIDS.

A case of a 9-year-old boy with AIDS and severe hairy leukoplakia on the tongue is reported. Clinically it appears as a bilateral whitish-grey, nonremovable lesion on the lateral margins of the tongue with characteristic vertical corrugations. The lesion failed to respond to topical and systemic antifungal treatment.

Gingival lesions of HIV infection in 178 Greek patients.

One hundred seventy-eight HIV-infected Greek patients were examined and the gingival lesions were recorded. At the time of oral examination, 77 patients were HIV positive, 53 had ARC, and 48 had AIDS. The mean age of the patients was 36.

Alterations in plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

Plasma lipoproteins were investigated during the active clinical phase of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Three groups of Lewis rats were compared: untreated controls, Freund's adjuvant-treated controls (FAC), and rats receiving one injection of myelin in Freund's adjuvant. After onset of clinical symptoms, 12 and 16 days after injection, there were higher concentrations of cholesterol and low and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) in EAE plasma.

Analytic ultracentrifuge calibration and determination of lipoprotein-specific refractive increments.

Accurate quantification of the major classes and subfractions of human serum lipoproteins is an important analytical need in the characterization and evaluation of therapy of lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities. For calibrating the analytic ultracentrifuge (AnUC), we routinely use a Beckman calibration wedge cell with parallel scribed lines 1 cm apart. Such a cell gives a rectangular pattern in the schlieren diagram, which determines magnification and also provides an area corresponding to an invariant refractive increment.