Survival Rates After Pediatric Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Suggest an Underappreciated Therapeutic Opportunity.

Objectives: Children with traumatic arrests represent almost one third of annual pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). However, traumatic arrests are often excluded from study populations because survival posttraumatic arrest is thought to be negligible. We hypothesized that children treated and transported by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel after traumatic OHCA would have lower survival compared with children treated after medical OHCA.

Early Screening for Cardiovascular Abnormalities With Preparticipation Echocardiography: Feasibility Study.

Objective: The traditional history and physical (H&P) is a poor screening modality to identify athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death. Although better than H&P alone, electrocardiograms (ECG) have also been found to have high false-positive rates. A limited portable echocardiogram by a frontline physician (PEFP) performed during preparticipation physical examination (PPE) allows for direct measurements of the heart to more accurately identify athletes with structural abnormalities.

[The intraductal components and microinvasive foci in ductal breast carcinoma on the mammogram].

Intraductal component is a risk factor for local recurrences of ductal carcinomas after breast-conserving therapy. Up to the present, only microcalcifications have been recognised as a mammographic sign of the intraductal component. The authors examined 67 ductal carcinomas; in addition to microcalcifications they paid attention to spicula at the margin of the tumors.

Microcalcifications in the breast--a blessing or a curse? A critical review.

70-90% of the biopsies performed on account of microcalcifications on mammograms are unnecessary. Most of the time descriptions of diagnostic criteria are irrelevant and vague. It is confusing, that lobular carcinoma in situ is considered to be a real cancer, as happens frequently, and that histologically dissimilar ductal carcinomas and benign abnormalities of different origin are simply considered as 'malignant' or 'benign' and subsequently reported as such.

[Possibilities and limitations of the differential diagnosis of grouped intramammary microcalcifications].

In recent years, the first author of the present paper has developed a system for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions based on the radiological patterns of grouped microcalcifications. The value of the system in actual practice has been tested in a "blind" study of 297 mammograms with grouped micro-calcifications in whom the diagnosis had been verified by operation and histology. Use of this system saved 63% of biopsies.