A gut pathobiont regulates circulating glycine and host metabolism in a twin study comparing vegan and omnivorous diets.

Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity pose a significant global health burden. Plant-based diets, including vegan diets, are linked to favorable metabolic outcomes, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In a randomized trial involving 21 pairs of identical twins, we investigated the effects of vegan and omnivorous diets on the host metabolome, immune system, and gut microbiome.

Criteria for identifying and evaluating locations that could potentially host the Cosmic Explorer observatories.

Cosmic Explorer is a next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave observatory that is being designed in the 2020s and is envisioned to begin operations in the 2030s together with the Einstein Telescope in Europe. The Cosmic Explorer concept currently consists of two widely separated L-shaped observatories in the United States, one with 40 km-long arms and the other with 20 km-long arms. This order of magnitude increase in scale with respect to the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observatories will, together with technological improvements, deliver an order of magnitude greater astronomical reach, allowing access to gravitational waves from remnants of the first stars and opening a wide discovery aperture to the novel and unknown.

Monitoring of cancer ferroptosis with [F]hGTS13, a system xc- specific radiotracer.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by resistance to conventional therapies and poor survival. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target for GBM treatment. However, there are currently no non-invasive imaging techniques to monitor the engagement of pro-ferroptotic compounds with their respective targets, or to monitor the efficacy of ferroptosis-based therapies.

AI-Based Prediction of Protein Corona Composition on DNA Nanostructures.

DNA nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful approach to engineering biophysical tools, therapeutics, and diagnostics because it enables the construction of designer nanoscale structures with high programmability. Based on DNA base pairing rules, nanostructure size, shape, surface functionality, and structural reconfiguration can be programmed with a degree of spatial, temporal, and energetic precision that is difficult to achieve with other methods. However, the properties and structure of DNA constructs are greatly altered due to spontaneous protein adsorption from biofluids.