Burden and risk factors for Schistosoma mansoni infection among primary school children: A quantitative school-based cross-sectional survey in Busega district, Northern Tanzania.

Background: Intestinal schistosomiasis is one of the most common neglected tropical diseases in Tanzania. Despite massive praziquantel administration, data from Northern Tanzania have reported a prevalence of up to 93.2%.

Heterophynone and methyl ester of Colic acid, two new compounds with antimicrobial activity from (Sterculiaceae).

The ethyl acetate fraction, the stem bark and the residual methanolic extracts from the leaves of (Sterculiaceae) led to the isolation of two new compounds: Heterophynone () and methyl ester of Colic acid (), along with four known triterpenes: betulinic acid (), oleanolic acid (), ursolic acid () and chletric acid (). Structures of compounds were established by different spectroscopic methods that included 1D and 2D NMR experiment. The antimicrobial activity of isolated compounds was evaluated against two yeasts, NR 29456 and 1415; and five Gram-positive bacterial, , NR 46003, NR46374 and HM 601).

Agmatine protects against sodium valproate-induced hepatic injury in mice via modulation of nuclear factor-κB/inducible nitric oxide synthetase pathway.

Valproate is a widely used drug against epilepsy and several other neurological disorders although it has deleterious hepatotoxic side effects. The current study was designed to test if agmatine as nitric oxide modulator has protective effects against valproate-induced hepatic injury. Male Swiss albino mice were treated with sodium valproate (SVP) with or without agmatine for 7 days.