Ultra high-frequency ultrasound of fascicles in the ulnar and radial nerves.

Introduction/aims: Ultra high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has been demonstrated to allow easy visualization and quantification of median and digital nerve fascicles; however, there is a lack of normative data for other upper limb nerves. The purpose of this study was to use UHFUS to establish normative reference values and ranges for fascicle count and density within selected upper extremity nerves.

Methods: Twenty-one healthy volunteers underwent sonographic examination of the ulnar, superficial branch of the radial, and radial nerves on one upper limb using UHFUS with a 48 MHz linear transducer.

Ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound of fascicles in the common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves.

Introduction/aims: While ultrasound assessment of cross-sectional area and echogenicity has gained popularity as a biomarker for various neuropathies, there is a scarcity of data regarding fascicle count and density in neuropathies or even healthy controls. The aim of this study was to determine whether fascicles within select lower limb nerves (common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves) can be counted in healthy individuals using ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS).

Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers underwent sonographic examination of the common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves on each lower limb using UHFUS with a 48 MHz linear transducer.

Safety of dietary nitrate supplementation by calcium nitrate for finishing pigs as measured by methemoglobin and serum and tissue nitrate levels.

Nitrate supplementation has been studied as a beneficial constituent of the human diet, particularly for its effects on vascular health through vasodilation. Recent studies have focused on the benefits of nitrate supplementation in animals, especially in swine. Up to 1,200 mg/kg dietary nitrate supplementation from Ca nitrate was beneficial in farrowing and lactating sows and their offspring, and up to 6,000 mg/kg supplemental nitrate showed no adverse health effects in sows or piglets.