Rethinking Paradoxical Bulging of the Masseter Muscle Following Botulinum Toxin Injection: An Ultrasound Evaluation.

Background: Paradoxical masseter bulge (PMB) is an uncommon complication following treatment with botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A). This is currently believed to be caused by the uneven distribution of BoNT-A within the masseter, resulting in stronger, compensatory, contraction of the superficial head relative to its deeper heads.

Objectives: To visualize under ultrasound which part of the masseter muscle is chiefly responsible for PMB and to propose a framework for assessment and prevention of the complication.

The International Classification of Vestibular Disorders: Achievements, challenges, and future directions.

In 2007, the Bárány Society embarked on a project to establish definitions of vestibular syndromes and disorders based on best available evidence, referred to as the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD). Since then, numerous publications providing consensus-driven diagnostic criteria for vestibular symptoms, syndromes, and disorders have been published. Here, we reflect on the rationale for developing the ICVD as well as its subsequent achievements, challenges, and outlook.

Acute unilateral vestibulopathy and corticosteroid treatment - A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial.

Background: The efficacy of corticosteroids for treating acute vestibular neuritis, or acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP), remains controversial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether corticosteroids improve vestibular function and reduce symptoms in both acute and chronic phases of AUVP.

Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial included patients with AUVP (ages 18-80) from emergency departments at three sites in southern Sweden.

Overcoming Obstacles: The Stories of Nursing and Psychiatric Nursing Students With Disabilities.

Background: Efforts should be made to promote inclusion of people with disabilities within nursing education. However, nursing students have reported inaccessible educational instruction, challenges accessing accommodations, and discriminatory practices.

Method: Narrative inquiry was used to explore the stories of six nursing and psychiatric nursing students who self-identify with disabilities.

The prognostic significance of stress-phenotyping for stroke incidence: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study.

Background: Self-reported mental stress is not consistently recognized as a risk factor for stroke. This prompted development of a novel algorithm for stress-phenotype indices to quantify chronic stress prevalence in relation to a modified stroke risk score in a South African cohort. The algorithm is based on biomarkers adrenocorticotrophic hormone, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitive cardiac-troponin-T, and diastolic blood pressure which exemplifies the stress-ischemic-phenotype index.