Mitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion.

The cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) limits the immune response and promotes resolution of acute inflammation. Because of its immunosuppressive effects, IL-10 up-regulation is a common feature of tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, IL-10 regulation has been shown to depend on mitochondria and redox-sensitive signals.

Feels good, and less bad: Problematic use of the Internet is associated with heightened experiences of both gratification and compensation.

Background: During the development of addictive behaviors, theoretical models assume a shift from experience of gratification being a driver in early stages to experience of compensation which dominates at later stages of addiction development. Initial studies show a trend in this direction; however, this shift has not yet been investigated in clinical samples. We assume experienced gratification to be highest in individuals with risky use (indicating the beginning of the addiction process), and compensation to be highest in individuals with pathological use.

The effect of the length of chimney's protrusion on the hemodynamics of abdominal aorta stent graft after endovascular aneurysm repair.

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysms present a significant clinical challenge, particularly when located near the renal arteries. In cases of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysms, the main stent graft may occlude the renal arteries, disrupting blood supply. To prevent this, two 'chimney' stent grafts can be implanted to maintain renal artery perfusion.

Fine-tuning of Fgf8 morphogen gradient by heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix.

Embryonic development is orchestrated by the action of morphogens, which spread out from a local source and activate, in a field of target cells, different cellular programs based on their concentration gradient. Fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) is a morphogen with important functions in embryonic organizing centers. It forms a gradient in the extracellular space by free diffusion, interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM), and receptor-mediated endocytosis.